Some 60% of currently married, nonpregnant Vietnamese women use a contraceptive method and two-thirds of these rely on a modern method, generally the IUD, according to data from the 1988 Vietnam Demographic and Health Survey. Once individual, fertility and contextual variables are controlled, the odds of contraceptive use rise with each five-year age-group. However, age has no effect on whether couples use a modern or traditional method. The odds of method use among illiterate women are 34% lower than those among women with a secondary or higher education, but husband's education is a stronger predictor of contraceptive use: Couples in which the husband is illiterate or has a primary education are less likely to practice contraception than are those in which the husband has more education, but couples in which the husband has a primary education are more likely to use a modern method than are those in which the husband is more highly educated. Couples with daughters only are 27% less likely to use a method than are those with children of both sexes, and are also less likely to use a modern method. Couples with three or more children are more likely to use a modern method than are those with fewer children. Northern Vietnamese are 37% more likely to use contraceptives than southern Vietnamese and are also more likely to use modern methods