This chapter will discuss important conflicts of interest over agricultural development in the Australia-East Timor relationship. East Timor needs to stabilise domestic production, as the central element of its food security strategy. However Australia has a strategic view of global agricultural liberalisation, and uses aid programs to advance these interests. Different approaches to 'food security' are linked to distinct interests. This paper discusses those different approaches and their associated agricultural development implications. It then considers some problems for East Timor in dealing with Australia's strategic model.