This report offers a brief application of the 2008 income and expenditure data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) to the analysis of poverty in South Africa. The per capita figures of household income and expenditure were constructed by dividing the final derived figures for total income and total expenditure in the data by the number of people living in the household. All of the analysis below makes use of post-stratified sampling weights in order to make the results reflective of the South African population, rather than the NIDS sample. Conventional poverty measures and dominance analyses are presented and interpreted in aggregate as well as across race and geographical area. Section 2 of this report provides a racial overview of poverty in South Africa while Section 3 adopts a spatial approach. Sections 4 and 5 discuss poverty dominance in South African society and some salient features of poor households respectively. Section 6 provides a brief comparison between the NIDS 2008 findings and other research on contemporary poverty in South Africa and Section 7 concludes.