Financial Development and Structure 1960-2010

Aruba, Afghanistan, Angola...and 192 more, 1960 - 2010

Reference ID

WLD_1960-2010_FDS_v02_M

Producer(s)

Thorsten Beck and Asli Demirguc-Kunt (World Bank), Ross Eric Levine (Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota)

Metadata

Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON

Study website

Created on

Sep 05, 2014

Last modified

Jun 14, 2022

Page views

20689

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Anti-director rights (srights)

Data file: request8095

Overview

Valid: 49

Invalid: 57

Type: Discrete

Decimal: 0

Start: 801

End: 801

Width: 1

Range: 0 - 5

Format: Numeric

Questions and instructions

Value	Cases
0	1	2%
1	5	10.2%
2	12	24.5%
3	14	28.6%
4	9	18.4%
5	8	16.3%
Sysmiss	57

Description

Universe

1980-1995

Imputation and derivation

Derivation

An index aggregating the shareholder rights. The index is formed by adding 1 if: (1) the country allows the shareholders to mail their proxy to the firm; (2) shareholders are not required to deposit their shares prior to the General Shareholders' Meeting; (3) cumulative voting or proportional representation of minorities in the board of directors is allowed; (4) an oppressed minorities mechanism is in place; (5) the minimum percentage of share capital that entitles a shareholder to call for an Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting is less than or equal to 10 percent (the sample median); or (6) shareholders have preemptive rights that can only be waived by a shareholders' vote. The index ranges from 1 to 6.

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