1971 National Census of Dwellings and Population - IPUMS Subset
Nicaragua, 1971
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Reference ID
NIC_1971_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
National Institute of Statistics and Censuses, IPUMS
Metadata
Created on
Dec 20, 2012
Last modified
Sep 03, 2025
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- Data files
- NIC1971_PHC-H-H.dat
- NIC1971_PHC-P-H.dat
Occupation (NI1971A_OCC)
Data file: NIC1971_PHC-P-H.dat
Overview
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
212
End:
215
Width:
4
Range:
-
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
<svar v="NI71A416 NI71A417 NI71A418 NI71A419 NI71A420"><span class="em">For those 10 years of age or older</span><br />[Applies to section D]<br /></svar></p>
<p><svar a="all" v="NI71A417"><span class="em">15. Principal occupation</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">Only for those who answered 1, 2 or 3 in question 14.<br /><br />What occupation, position or type of work did you perform during the week of April 12th to the 17th, or in the last job you had?<br /><br />____ Principal occupation</div><br /></svar>
<p><svar a="all" v="NI71A417"><span class="em">15. Principal occupation</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">Only for those who answered 1, 2 or 3 in question 14.<br /><br />What occupation, position or type of work did you perform during the week of April 12th to the 17th, or in the last job you had?<br /><br />____ Principal occupation</div><br /></svar>
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 0000 | Architect |
| 0001 | Architectural engineer |
| 0002 | Civil engineer |
| 0003 | Electrical engineer |
| 0004 | Mechanical engineer |
| 0005 | Mining engineer |
| 0006 | Industrial engineer |
| 0007 | Agricultural engineer |
| 0008 | Chemical engineer |
| 0011 | Engineer, nec |
| 0012 | Surveyor |
| 0013 | Topographer |
| 0014 | Draughtsmen |
| 0015 | Non-professional technicians related to engineering, electricity, mechanics, metallurgy, and industry |
| 0020 | Chemist |
| 0021 | Physicist and other specialists in related sciences (geo-physicist, meteorologist, astronomer, geologist) |
| 0022 | Bacteriologist |
| 0023 | Pharmacologist |
| 0024 | Odontological and biology laboratory technician |
| 0025 | Agronomy laboratory technician |
| 0030 | Agronomist and phytopathologist |
| 0031 | Veterinarian |
| 0032 | Zoologist |
| 0037 | Other professionals in related occupations, nec |
| 0040 | Physicians and surgeons |
| 0041 | Dentist |
| 0050 | Optometrist |
| 0051 | Optician |
| 0053 | Physiotherapist and electrotherapist |
| 0054 | X-ray operator |
| 0056 | Pharmacist |
| 0058 | Pedicure specialist, masseur, and other medical workers, nec |
| 0060 | Nurse, professional |
| 0061 | Nurse, other |
| 0063 | Midwife, other |
| 0070 | Teacher, university |
| 0071 | Teacher, high school and technical school |
| 0072 | Teacher, primary school |
| 0073 | Teacher, nursery school |
| 0074 | Teacher, special education |
| 0075 | Teacher, nec |
| 0081 | Actuary |
| 0082 | Statistician |
| 0083 | Economist |
| 0090 | Lawyer |
| 0091 | Judge |
| 0092 | Notary, other persons responsible for keeping public records, and other persons in legal occupations |
| 0100 | Author |
| 0101 | Editor, journalist, reporter, radio and television announcer, and other persons in related occupations |
| 0102 | Painter, sculptor, and related creative artists |
| 0103 | Interior designer and commercial artist |
| 0104 | Composer, musician, singer, music teacher, orchestra, band, and vocal group conductor, and persons in related occupations |
| 0105 | Dance teacher, dancer, dance conductor, and choreographer |
| 0106 | Theatrical director, actor, entertainers, and persons in related occupations |
| 0150 | Ordained religious leader |
| 0151 | Clergy and related members of religious orders, other |
| 0161 | Translator and interpreter |
| 0162 | Librarian and archivist |
| 0163 | Social worker and persons in religious occupations related to welfare |
| 0164 | Technical photographer and portraitist |
| 0165 | Cameraman for films and television |
| 0170 | Deck officer and ship pilot, sea and river navigation |
| 0172 | Aircraft pilot |
| 0180 | Athlete, sportsman, and related workers |
| 0183 | Persons occupied in bullfight |
| 0110 | Administrator, executive official of the national government, and member of the Congress |
| 0120 | Director and manager in wholesale trade |
| 0130 | Director and manager in retail trade |
| 0132 | Administrator, banks and other financial services, insurance, and real state |
| 0133 | Administrator, transport and storage |
| 0134 | Administrator, communications and public utilities |
| 0135 | Administrator, factories |
| 0136 | Administrator, service industries, hotels, restaurants, coffee shops, and boarding houses |
| 0137 | Other administrators, nec |
| 0210 | Assistant accountant |
| 0211 | Book-keeper |
| 0212 | Cashier |
| 0213 | Collector |
| 0214 | Other persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0220 | Stenographer and typist |
| 0222 | Punched-card machine operator and related occupations |
| 0230 | Computing machine operator |
| 0231 | Accounting and calculating machine operator |
| 0240 | Inspector, traffic controller and dispatcher, air, road, sea, and river transport |
| 0241 | Station master, railway |
| 0243 | Other persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0250 | Postman |
| 0251 | Messenger |
| 0252 | Mail classifying personnel (post office) |
| 0253 | Other persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0260 | Telephone operator |
| 0261 | Telegraph operator |
| 0262 | Radio-communication operator |
| 0270 | Train chief |
| 0271 | Ticket collectors in buses, trains, trams, and other transportation means |
| 0280 | Store and office supplies clerks |
| 0281 | Reception and public information clerks |
| 0282 | Transportation services clerks |
| 0283 | Bank and financial services clerks |
| 0284 | Library and archive clerks |
| 0285 | Show, lottery, and other ticketing clerks |
| 0286 | Other office clerks and persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0300 | Working proprietor, wholesale trade |
| 0301 | Working proprietor, retail trade |
| 0310 | Salesman and shop assistant |
| 0311 | Salesman of newspapers, lottery, and magazines |
| 0312 | Street vendor, canvassers, and peddlers |
| 0313 | Street vendor, food |
| 0320 | Commercial traveller |
| 0321 | Manufacturer's agent |
| 0330 | Salesman, insurance |
| 0331 | Salesman, real estate |
| 0333 | Auctioneer and appraiser |
| 0334 | Sales agent working through commissions and consignments |
| 0335 | Customs services agent |
| 0336 | Transportation, moving and/or storage services agents |
| 0337 | Tourism services agents |
| 0338 | Advertisement agents |
| 0339 | Buyers, buying agents, and persons in related occupations |
| 0400 | Farm manager |
| 0410 | Farmer, general |
| 0411 | Farmer, livestock |
| 0412 | Farmer, poultry |
| 0413 | Farmer, beekeeper |
| 0414 | Farmer, vegetables |
| 0415 | Flower grower and gardeners |
| 0417 | Farmer, fruit |
| 0418 | Other farmers, nec |
| 0420 | Agricultural and livestock workers |
| 0421 | Operator, farm machinery and agricultural vehicles |
| 0422 | Nursery worker, propagator, gardener, and grounds keeper |
| 0423 | Farm workers dedicated to herds |
| 0424 | Other workers in agriculture and livestock production, cowboys, sheeping workers, and persons in related occupations |
| 0430 | Fisherman and persons in occupations related to fish breeding and the fishing ship crew |
| 0431 | Other persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0440 | Hunter and trapper |
| 0450 | Logger, forest inspector, and forest ranger |
| 0451 | Feller, bucker, high climber, log-raft maker, and related workers |
| 0452 | Charcoal burner |
| 0453 | Tree tapper and related workers |
| 0454 | Other persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0500 | Taxi driver |
| 0501 | Lorry and van driver |
| 0502 | Motor-bus and tram driver |
| 0503 | Driver for animal-drawn vehicles, passenger |
| 0504 | Driver for animal-drawn vehicles, freight |
| 0505 | Other drivers of motorized vehicles, nec |
| 0510 | Driver, railway engine |
| 0520 | Ordinary seaman, deckhand |
| 0521 | Deck ratings (ship), barge crews and boatmen |
| 0522 | Engine mechanic, fireman, oiler and greaser, ship |
| 0532 | Aircraft traffic control operators in airports |
| 0535 | Other persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0602 | Fibre preparer and persons in related occupations |
| 0603 | Spinner and winder not working in a factory |
| 0604 | Spinner and winder working in a factory |
| 0605 | Weaver not working in a factory |
| 0607 | Calenderer, press operator |
| 0609 | Other persons in occupations related to the textile industry, nec |
| 0610 | Tailors in factories |
| 0611 | Tailors not in factories |
| 0612 | Furrier and skinner |
| 0613 | Dressmaker |
| 0614 | Sewer and embroiderer |
| 0615 | Hatmaker |
| 0618 | Shirtmaker |
| 0619 | Upholsterer (textile, leather, and similar materials), mattress maker, umbrella maker, and other persons in related occupations |
| 0620 | Shoemakers and shoe repairers |
| 0621 | Leather cutter, laster, and persons in other occupations in shoe-industrial production |
| 0622 | Harness and saddle maker, and other leather-product makers |
| 0623 | Other persons in occupations related to manufacturing of leather products, except shoes, gloves and garments |
| 0630 | Carpenter and joiner |
| 0631 | Cabinetmaker |
| 0632 | Operators in the production of wooden furniture |
| 0633 | Other craftsmen and operators in the production of wood furniture and articles |
| 0640 | Bricklayer, stonemason, and tile setter |
| 0642 | Plasterer |
| 0643 | Roofer |
| 0645 | Other craftsmen and operators in related occupations, nec |
| 0650 | Painter, sign |
| 0651 | Painter, construction and maintenance |
| 0653 | Other painters and other workers in related occupations |
| 0660 | Plumber and pipe fitter |
| 0661 | Riveter, structural-metal worker, and shipwright |
| 0662 | Sheet-metal worker |
| 0663 | Welder and flame cutter |
| 0664 | Other persons in related occupations, nec |
| 0670 | Electrician and electrical repairman |
| 0671 | Lineman and cable jointer |
| 0672 | Mechanics-repairman, radio and television |
| 0673 | Mechanics-repairman, refrigerators and other home appliances |
| 0674 | Operator in the production of electrical equipment |
| 0675 | Assembler, electrical equipment |
| 0676 | Installer and repairman, radio and television |
| 0677 | Other electricians and persons in related occupations |
| 0680 | Fitter-assembler machinery |
| 0681 | Mechanic-repairman, motor vehicles and motor cycles |
| 0682 | Mechanic-repairman, aircraft engines |
| 0683 | Mechanic-repairman, railway and train machinery |
| 0684 | Mechanic-repairman, agricultural and industrial machinery |
| 0685 | Mechanic-repairman, typewriters, calculators, and cash registers |
| 0686 | Locksmith and gunsmith |
| 0687 | Machine-tool operator, lathe, milling-machine, shaping-machine, and other similar machinery |
| 0688 | Oiler and greaser, machinery |
| 0689 | Other craftsmen and operators in related occupations, nec |
| 0690 | Watch and clock maker and repairer |
| 0691 | Maker and repairer, optical instruments |
| 0692 | Maker and repairer, dental prosthesis |
| 0700 | Jeweller and goldsmith |
| 0701 | Other craftsmen and operators in related occupations, nec |
| 0710 | Operator of stationary engines, electricity plants, and related equipment |
| 0711 | Crane and hoist operator |
| 0712 | Operator of construction machinery |
| 0713 | Rigger and cable splicer |
| 0714 | Other operators of stationary machinery and similar equipment, nec |
| 0720 | Operators of radio and television broadcasting equipment |
| 0721 | Operators of sound and cinema equipment |
| 0800 | Compositor and typesetter |
| 0801 | Linotype and monotype operator |
| 0802 | Pressman, printing |
| 0805 | Photo-engraver |
| 0806 | Bookbinder and related workers |
| 0808 | Litographer |
| 0809 | Other persons in occupations related to graphic arts, nec |
| 0811 | Mining workers in metal deposits |
| 0812 | Mineral treaters in metal deposits and persons in ancillary occupations |
| 0813 | Mineral treaters in solid non-metal deposits |
| 0815 | Quarryman |
| 0816 | Mineral treater in quarries |
| 0817 | Well driller and persons in related occupations |
| 0818 | Persons occupied in the extraction of liquid or semiliquid minerals, or natural gases |
| 0819 | Persons in other extraction occupations for solid non-metal minerals |
| 0820 | Furnaceman |
| 0821 | Moulder |
| 0822 | Temperer |
| 0823 | Blacksmith, hammersmith, and forgeman |
| 0824 | Laminators, wire drawers, and extruders |
| 0826 | Other operators in the metal industry, nec |
| 0830 | Ceramist |
| 0831 | Potter |
| 0832 | Glass former, cutter, grinder, and finisher |
| 0834 | Artisans and operators in the production of clay, cement, and similar products |
| 0836 | Artisans and operators in occupations related to carving, polishing, engraving, and other works in stone, marble, or granite |
| 0837 | Other artisans and operators in related occupations, nec |
| 0840 | Crusher, mlller, and calenderer, chemical and related processes |
| 0841 | Cooker, roaster, and other heat treaters, chemical and related processes |
| 0842 | Batch- and continous-still operators |
| 0843 | Stillman, petroleum |
| 0845 | Sawyers and woodworking-machine setters and operators |
| 0846 | Paper makers |
| 0850 | Butcher, meat cutter, and operators in slaughterhouse and refrigerating stores |
| 0851 | Curer, cook, and related canners and preservers |
| 0852 | Miller and mill operator |
| 0853 | Baker, pastry cook, sugar and chocolate confectionery makers, and occupations related to production of nutritious pastry |
| 0854 | Butter maker, cheese maker, ice-cream maker, and other dairy workers |
| 0856 | Coffee taster, blender, and roaster |
| 0858 | Operators in sugar production and refinement |
| 0859 | Brewer, winemaker, and related workers |
| 0860 | Tobacco preparer |
| 0861 | Cigar and cigarette makers |
| 0862 | Operators in the tobacco production |
| 0863 | Other operators in related occupations |
| 0870 | Hide flesher, de-hairer, tanner, and other operators in related occupations |
| 0871 | Leather dyer and stainer and other operators in leather finishing |
| 0880 | Operators in the production of paper bags and boxes, and other paper and cardboard products |
| 0881 | Other operators in related occupations, nec |
| 0890 | Operators in occupations related to machinery production |
| 0901 | Basketry weaver and related workers |
| 0902 | Operators in the production of rubber- and plastic-products |
| 0903 | Operators in occupations related to wood pulp article production |
| 0904 | Operators in occupations related to taxidermy, production of toys, matches and fireworks, pencils and chalks, cork-made articles, buttons, candles, hair nets, and wigs |
| 0905 | Operators in the production of stencil, film, and photographic paper |
| 0906 | Other production occupations, nec |
| 0911 | Laborers in metal mineral deposits |
| 0912 | Laborers in quarries |
| 0913 | Laborers in non-metal solid mineral deposits |
| 0914 | Laborers in oil wells |
| 0916 | Other laborers in mines and quarries |
| 0920 | Assistants in topography works and workers in related occupations |
| 0921 | Laborers in occupations related to construction and maintenance of buildings, bridges, roads, tunnels, dams, and other special works |
| 0922 | Assistants of carpenters, bricklayers, stonemasons, and other artisans included in group 6, related to the construction industry |
| 0923 | Other laborers and workers in occupations related to construction industry, nec |
| 0930 | Longshoremen |
| 0931 | Packer |
| 0932 | Loader and lift-truck operator |
| 0933 | Marker and labeler |
| 0934 | Laborers in occupations related to storage |
| 0935 | Packer of manufactured products and beverages |
| 0936 | Other laborers in occupations related to freight-handling-equipment, nec |
| 0941 | Laborers in occupations related to electric energy production and distribution |
| 0942 | Laborers in occupations related to water and sewerage services |
| 0943 | Laborers in occupations related to vehicle washing, lubrication, and parking |
| 0944 | Laborers in public services (street cleaning, etc.) |
| 0945 | Other laborers, nec |
| 0950 | Firefighter |
| 0951 | Policeman and detective |
| 0952 | Other servants in law enforcement |
| 0953 | Guard, watchman, and similar |
| 0960 | Housekeeper, housekeeping steward, and persons in related occupations |
| 0961 | Matron |
| 0970 | Cook, private service |
| 0971 | Maid, private service |
| 0980 | Cook |
| 0981 | Waiters in restaurants and coffee shops |
| 0982 | Bartender |
| 0983 | Maid, valet, and waitress in hotels, boats, and trains |
| 0990 | Launderer and presser in cleaning establishments |
| 0992 | Other workers in cleaning, dry cleaning, and pressing establishments |
| 0993 | Launderer and presser self-employed, offering home service |
| 1000 | Doorman, janitor, and keeper |
| 1001 | Elevator operator |
| 1003 | Workers in shoe polishing and related occupations, nec |
| 1010 | Barber and hairdresser |
| 1011 | Beautician, manicurist, and make up specialist |
| 1021 | Undertaker |
| 1022 | Air hostess |
| 1023 | Guide |
| 9900 | New workers seeking employment |
| 9910 | Workers reporting occupations unidentifiable or inadequately described |
| 9920 | Workers not reporting any occupation |
| 9998 | Unknown |
| 9999 | NIU (not in universe) |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
<svar v="NI71A416 NI71A417 NI71A418 NI71A419 NI71A420"><span class="em">Economic characteristics</span><br />The questions included in this section (type of activity, principal occupation, industry, and employment status) are designed to investigate the population that participates in the production of goods and economic services, the occupational structure, the economic sector where the occupations are carried out, employment status, and the related demographic and social characteristics. The structure of the population that does not participate in the production of goods and economic services and demographic and social characteristics of this population are also investigated.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 57]</span><br /><br />Because of these objectives, questions 14, 15, 16, and 17 are only presented to those persons age 10 or older.<br /></svar></p>
<p><svar a="all" v="NI71A417"><span class="em">Question #15: Principal occupation</span><br />This question is only presented to those classified in alternatives 1, 2, and 3 in question 14.<br /><br /><div class="i1"><span class="em">a. How to ask the question:</span><br />What occupation, trade, or type of work did the person carry out during the week of April 12-17 or for the last employment held?<br /><br />If the person claims to have carried out more than one occupation, the principal occupation is selected.</div><br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 60]</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">"Principal occupation" refers to the occupation to which more hours are dedicated.<br /><br />When dealing with a person who was <span class="em">previously employed but did not work during the week of April 12-17</span>, the following question is asked:<br /><br />What was the last occupation carried out?<br /><br /><span class="em">b. How to record the information:</span><br />In the space provided, the <span class="em">principal occupation</span> is recorded.<br /><br />A word exactly describing the type of work indicated by the person should be used when recording the occupation. If a word is not sufficient, a sentence should be used.<br /><br />Generic terms that do not give a clear idea of the work carried out should not be used (e.g. laborer, worker, employee, etc.).<br /><br />To further illustrate, a list of examples of inappropriate terms along with appropriate terms is provided below:</div><br /><br />[The list of examples is omitted]<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 61]</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">Finally, it is necessary to establish that in the case of professionals, the occupation corresponds to the profession. However, a certain number of professionals can have carried out occupations outside of their specialization during the week of reference. In this case, the occupation carried out is recorded, not the profession; e.g., if a medical surgeon acted as a hospital director, this occupation is recorded; if a lawyer acted as a manager of a textile company, this occupation is recorded, not the profession.<br /><br /><span class="em">c. Examples:</span></div><br /><br />[These instructions refer to a graph of question 15 on the census form]<br /></svar>
<p><svar a="all" v="NI71A417"><span class="em">Question #15: Principal occupation</span><br />This question is only presented to those classified in alternatives 1, 2, and 3 in question 14.<br /><br /><div class="i1"><span class="em">a. How to ask the question:</span><br />What occupation, trade, or type of work did the person carry out during the week of April 12-17 or for the last employment held?<br /><br />If the person claims to have carried out more than one occupation, the principal occupation is selected.</div><br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 60]</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">"Principal occupation" refers to the occupation to which more hours are dedicated.<br /><br />When dealing with a person who was <span class="em">previously employed but did not work during the week of April 12-17</span>, the following question is asked:<br /><br />What was the last occupation carried out?<br /><br /><span class="em">b. How to record the information:</span><br />In the space provided, the <span class="em">principal occupation</span> is recorded.<br /><br />A word exactly describing the type of work indicated by the person should be used when recording the occupation. If a word is not sufficient, a sentence should be used.<br /><br />Generic terms that do not give a clear idea of the work carried out should not be used (e.g. laborer, worker, employee, etc.).<br /><br />To further illustrate, a list of examples of inappropriate terms along with appropriate terms is provided below:</div><br /><br />[The list of examples is omitted]<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 61]</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">Finally, it is necessary to establish that in the case of professionals, the occupation corresponds to the profession. However, a certain number of professionals can have carried out occupations outside of their specialization during the week of reference. In this case, the occupation carried out is recorded, not the profession; e.g., if a medical surgeon acted as a hospital director, this occupation is recorded; if a lawyer acted as a manager of a textile company, this occupation is recorded, not the profession.<br /><br /><span class="em">c. Examples:</span></div><br /><br />[These instructions refer to a graph of question 15 on the census form]<br /></svar>
Description
Definition
This variable indicates a person's occupation.
Universe
Nicaragua 1971: Persons age 10+ currently employed or seeking work with experience [discrepancies: type I 0.2%, type II 0.1%]
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |